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42 U.S. Code § 18743. Critical minerals mining and recycling research
(a) DefinitionsIn this section:
(1) Critical mineral
The term “critical mineral” has the meaning given the term in section 1606(a) of title 30.
(2) Critical minerals and metals
The term “critical minerals and metals” includes any host mineral of a critical mineral.
(3) Director
The term “Director” means the Director of the Foundation.
(4) End-to-end
The term “end-to-end”, with respect to the integration of mining or life cycle of minerals, means the integrated approach of, or the lifecycle determined by, examining the research and developmental process from the mining of the raw minerals to its processing into useful materials, its integration into components and devices, the utilization of such devices in the end-use application to satisfy certain performance metrics, and the recycling or disposal of such devices.
(5) Foreign entity of concernThe term “foreign entity of concern” means a foreign entity that is—
(A)
designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the Secretary of State under section 1189(a) of title 8;
(B)
included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
(C)
owned by, controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign country that is a covered nation (as defined in section 2533c(d) [1] of title 10);
(D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been involved in activities for which a conviction was obtained under—
(i)
chapter 37 of title 18 (commonly known as the “Espionage Act”);
(ii)
section 951 or 1030 of title 18;
(iii)
chapter 90 of title 18 (commonly known as the “Economic Espionage Act of 1996)”;
(iv)
the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.);
(v)
section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 2275, 2276, 2277, and [2] 2284);
(vi)
the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
(vii)
the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
(E)
determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the national security or foreign policy of the United States.
(6) Foundation
The term “Foundation” means the National Science Foundation.
(7) Institution of higher education
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001 of title 20.