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42 U.S. Code § 18641. Basic energy sciences
(a) Program
As part of the activities authorized under section 7139 of this title, the Director shall carry out a research and development program in basic energy sciences, including materials sciences and engineering, chemical sciences, physical biosciences, geosciences, and other disciplines, to understand, model, and control matter and energy at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for new energy technologies, address scientific grand challenges, and support the energy, environment, and national security missions of the Department.
(b) Sustainable chemistry
In carrying out chemistry-related research and development activities under this section, the Director shall prioritize research and development of sustainable chemistry to support clean, safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies to traditional chemical products and processes.
(c) Energy Frontier Research Centers
(1) In general
The Director shall carry out a program to provide awards, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, to multi-institutional collaborations or other appropriate entities to conduct fundamental and use-inspired energy research to accelerate scientific breakthroughs.
(2) Collaborations
A collaboration receiving an award under this subsection may include multiple types of institutions and private sector entities.
(3) Selection and duration
(A) In general
A collaboration under this subsection shall be selected for a period of 4 years.
(B) Existing centers
An Energy Frontier Research Center in existence and supported by the Director on September 28, 2018, may continue to receive support for a period of 4 years beginning on the date of establishment of that center.
(C) Reapplication
After the end of the period described in subparagraph (A) or (B), as applicable, a recipient of an award may reapply for selection on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis.
(D) Termination
Consistent with the existing authorities of the Department, the Director may terminate an underperforming center for cause during the performance period.
(4) No funding for construction
No funding provided pursuant to this subsection may be used for the construction of new buildings or facilities.